Shaper machine operations pdf11/11/2023 ![]() ![]() The cutter tooth starts removing metal immediately on reaching the work surface, without slipping as it can apply a sufficient cut on the work. ![]() The thickness of the chip is maximum when the tooth starts its cutting, and when the cut is finished, it becomes minimal. It is the process of removing metal by a cutter which is rotated in the same direction by a cutter which is the workpiece rotated in the same direction of travel. It is the process that is also called climb milling. Read Also: What are the types of lathe machine? Down Milling The process is safer, and is still commonly used despite having so many disadvantages. The teeth slide through a minute distance at the beginning and then cut is started. The surface milled by up milling appears to be slightly curved the cutter teeth do not begin their cut as soon as they touch the work surface. The surface, milled by this operation, appears to be slightly curved as the cutter spoils the work surface. As the cutter progresses, the chip expands the cutting zone and may carry over with the cutter spoiling the work surface. In this process, due to the typical nature of the cut, the difficulty is experienced in pouring coolant just on the cutting edge from where the chip begins. The cutting force is directed upwards, which tends to lift the work from the fixtures. As the chip thickness per tooth is not uniform, the cutting in this operation increases from zero to the maximum value per tooth movement of the cutter. The thickness of the chip in this process is minimum at the beginning of the cut, and it reaches the maximum when the cut ends. ![]()
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